Criteria for Management

The Least You Should Know!!!!

                                              Learning without using is to learn nothing

Management is the process of deciding the best way to use the organization’s resources to produce goods or provide services, and its main function is to make good decisions, communicate well with people, make work assignments, delegate, plan, train people, motivate people, and appraise employees’ job performance. Relatively, management is divided into:

  A. Levels of management: It depends on the size of the organizations. For example, small or medium scale organizations may need one or few managers whereas giant or large scale organizations require many levels of management, and these can be (Rue & Byars, 2007, pp. 4-7):

            1. Top/Senior management: This level is mostly required conceptual skills, and its main function is to establish the objectives of the organizations, to formulate the necessary actions, and to allocate the resources to achieve the above objectives. This level of management includes Chairperson of Board of Director, Chief Executive Officer, Chief of Operating Officer, Senior Vice President, and president (not involved in day-to-day problem but setting the direction)

            2. Middle management: This level is mostly required human relations skills, and its main function is to be responsible for implementing and achieving organizational objectives, and developing departmental objectives and actions. This level of management includes Department Heads and District Sales Managers.

            3. Supervisory management: This level is mostly required technical skills, and its main function is to manage operative employees; generally considered the first level of management. This level of management includes Forepersons, Crew Leaders, Store Managers and others.

B. Management tasks:

            1. Planning: A manager decides on goals and actions that the organization must take.

2. Organizing: A manager groups related activities together and assign employees to perform them.

            3. Staffing: A manager decides on how many and what kind of people an organization needs to meet its goals and then recruit, select, and train the right people.

            4. Leading: A manager provides a guidance employees need to perform their tasks.

            5. Controlling: A manager measures how the operational perform to ensure that financial goals are being met.

C. Management roles:

            1. Interpersonal roles: This includes a). Figurehead: Manager serves as official representative of the organization or unit, b). Relationship builder: Manager interacts with peers and people outside the organization to gain the information, and c). Leader: Manager guides and motivates staff and act as a positive influence in the work place.

            2. Information-related roles: This includes a). Monitor: Manager receives and collects information, b). Communicator: Manager distribute the information within the organization, and c). Spokesperson: Manager distribute the information outside the organization.

            3. Decision-Making Roles: This includes a). Entrepreneur: Manager initiate change, b). Disturbance handler: Manager decides how the conflicts and problems are solved, c). Resource director: Manager decides how the organization will use its resources, and d). Negotiator: Managers decides to negotiate the major contracts with other organizations or individual.   

                                                                    Sam Aun (Andy)